Anal fistul, \u0259sas\u0259n an\u00fcs\u00fcn i\u00e7ini t\u0259mizl\u0259y\u0259n bezl\u0259rin infeksiyaya u\u011framas\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 yaranan, an\u00fcs v\u0259 ya rektum \u0259traf\u0131ndak\u0131 d\u0259rid\u0259n an\u00fcs\u00fcn i\u00e7\u0259risin\u0259 do\u011fru ir\u0259lil\u0259y\u0259n qeyri-adi bir kanald\u0131r. Bu kanallar, infeksiyan\u0131n xaric\u0259 axmas\u0131na imkan verir v\u0259 \u0259ks\u0259r hallarda, bir anorektal apsenin drenaj\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 yaran\u0131r. Anal fistull\u0259r xroniki v\u0259ziyy\u0259tl\u0259r ola bil\u0259r v\u0259 ad\u0259t\u0259n tibbi m\u00fcdaxil\u0259 olmadan \u00f6z-\u00f6zl\u00fcy\u00fcnd\u0259 sa\u011falmazlar. M\u00fcalic\u0259 edilm\u0259dikd\u0259, a\u011fr\u0131, narahatl\u0131q v\u0259 t\u0259krarlayan infeksiyalara s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259r. Anal fistull\u0259r h\u0259m ki\u015fil\u0259rd\u0259, h\u0259m d\u0259 qad\u0131nlarda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u0259 bil\u0259r v\u0259 h\u0259r ya\u015fda ortaya \u00e7\u0131xa bil\u0259r, lakin \u0259sas\u0259n orta ya\u015fl\u0131 yetkinl\u0259rd\u0259 daha yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Anal fistull\u0259rin \u0259n yay\u011f\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259bi, an\u00fcs v\u0259 ya rektum \u0259traf\u0131ndak\u0131 bezl\u0259rin infeksiyas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu infeksiyalar ad\u0259t\u0259n apse formala\u015fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar; apse, \u0259traf toxumada iltihabl\u0131 bir sah\u0259 yarad\u0131r v\u0259 zamanla daxil\u0259 do\u011fru ir\u0259lil\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k fistula \u00e7evril\u0259 bil\u0259r. Dig\u0259r s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259r aras\u0131nda Crohn x\u0259st\u0259liyi kimi iltihabl\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131rsaq x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259ri, cinsi yolla \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u0259n x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r, \u0259vv\u0259lki c\u0259rrahi m\u00fcdaxil\u0259l\u0259r v\u0259 ya travmalar yer al\u0131r. Bu \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259r, anal kanal\u0131n normal strukturunu pozaraq fistul formala\u015fmas\u0131na z\u0259min haz\u0131rlaya bil\u0259r. B\u0259zi hallarda, anal fistull\u0259rin d\u0259qiq s\u0259b\u0259bi m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edil\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259 bil\u0259r; bunlar idiopatik fistullar adlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Anal fistull\u0259rin \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259ri m\u00fcxt\u0259liflik g\u00f6st\u0259rir, lakin \u0259n yay\u011f\u0131n \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259r aras\u0131nda anal b\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259 davaml\u0131 a\u011fr\u0131, d\u0259rid\u0259 q\u0131c\u0131qlanma, qa\u015f\u0131nma v\u0259 narahatl\u0131q yer al\u0131r. Fistul kanal\u0131ndan davaml\u0131 v\u0259 ya aral\u0131ql\u0131 olaraq irin v\u0259 ya qan ax\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 ba\u015f ver\u0259 bil\u0259r. Bu ax\u0131nt\u0131, pis qoxuya s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259r v\u0259 \u015f\u0259xsi gigiyena probleml\u0259rin\u0259 yol a\u00e7a bil\u0259r. D\u0259f\u0259q\u0259 zaman\u0131 a\u011fr\u0131 v\u0259 d\u0259f\u0259q\u0259d\u0259 qan izl\u0259ri g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u0259 bil\u0259r. \u015eidd\u0259tli infeksiyalar, h\u0259rar\u0259t v\u0259 \u00fcmumi bir hals\u0131zl\u0131q hissi kimi sistemik simptomlara da s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259r. Xroniki infeksiyalar v\u0259 t\u0259krarlayan fistul probleml\u0259ri, t\u0259sirl\u0259n\u0259n \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rin h\u0259yat keyfiyy\u0259tini \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 azalda bil\u0259r v\u0259 effektiv m\u00fcalic\u0259 strategiyalar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilm\u0259sini t\u0259l\u0259b ed\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n
Anal fistulun m\u00f6vcudlu\u011fu \u0259sas\u0259n xarakterik \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259r v\u0259 simptomlar vasit\u0259sil\u0259 anla\u015f\u0131labilir. X\u0259st\u0259l\u0259r tez-tez anal b\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259 a\u011fr\u0131, irin v\u0259 ya qan ax\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 v\u0259 d\u0259f\u0259q\u0259 zaman\u0131 narahatl\u0131q hissi kimi \u015fikay\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 h\u0259kim\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t edirl\u0259r. Bu simptomlar, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 infeksiyan\u0131n t\u0259krarland\u0131\u011f\u0131 hallarda, anal fistulun \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli g\u00f6st\u0259ricil\u0259ri kimi q\u0259bul edilir. Xroniki infeksiya \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259ri v\u0259 d\u0259f\u0259q\u0259 zaman\u0131 v\u0259 ya sonras\u0131 davam ed\u0259n a\u011fr\u0131, anal fistul \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259sini g\u00fccl\u0259ndirir. B\u0259zi hallarda, x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259r fistul a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 ya xaric\u0259 do\u011fru ir\u0259lil\u0259y\u0259n kanal\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259b oldu\u011fu ki\u00e7ik \u015fi\u015flikl\u0259ri f\u0259rq ed\u0259 bil\u0259rl\u0259r. Bu \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259r, ad\u0259t\u0259n anal fistulun ilk diaqnozunda kritik rol oynay\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Anal fistulun diaqnozu v\u0259 qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn apar\u0131lan fiziki muayen\u0259, x\u0259st\u0259nin simptomlar\u0131n\u0131 \u0259trafl\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 anlamaq v\u0259 fistulun tam yerini m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n etm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 apar\u0131l\u0131r. Muayen\u0259 ad\u0259t\u0259n, anal b\u00f6lg\u0259nin diqq\u0259tli vizual t\u0259fti\u015fi il\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r. H\u0259kim, anal b\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259 h\u0259r hans\u0131 \u015fi\u015flik, q\u0131zart\u0131, irin ax\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 v\u0259 ya fistul a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 axtar\u0131r. Fiziki muayenenin bir hiss\u0259si olaraq, h\u0259kim diqq\u0259tl\u0259 barmaqla rektal muayene ed\u0259 bil\u0259r. Bu, fistul kanal\u0131n\u0131n anal kanal\u0131n i\u00e7\u0259risin\u0259 do\u011fru ir\u0259lil\u0259yib ir\u0259lil\u0259m\u0259diyini v\u0259 \u0259traf toxumalar\u0131n v\u0259ziyy\u0259tini qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn vacibdir.<\/p>\n
Z\u0259rur\u0259t duyulduqda, daha \u0259trafl\u0131 bir i\u00e7 muayene v\u0259 qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn anoskopi proseduru t\u0259tbiq edil\u0259 bil\u0259r. Anoskopi, anal kanal\u0131n v\u0259 rektumun i\u00e7 hiss\u0259sini t\u0259fti\u015f etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 olunan ki\u00e7ik, i\u015f\u0131ql\u0131 bir borunun istifad\u0259sini \u0259hat\u0259 edir. Bu prosedur, fistulun i\u00e7 strukturunu daha yax\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6rm\u0259yi v\u0259 m\u00f6vcudsa dig\u0259r anal probleml\u0259ri m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n etm\u0259yi t\u0259min edir. B\u0259zi hallarda, daha \u0259trafl\u0131 bir qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn maqnit rezonans g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcl\u0259m\u0259 (MR) v\u0259 ya endoanal ultrason kimi g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcl\u0259m\u0259 testl\u0259ri d\u0259 t\u0259klif edil\u0259 bil\u0259r. Bu ir\u0259li diaqnostik metodlar, fistulun strukturunu, uzunlu\u011funu v\u0259 anal sfinkter \u0259z\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 olan t\u0259sirini \u0259trafl\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 olunur.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Anal Fistul N\u0259dir? Anal fistul, \u0259sas\u0259n an\u00fcs\u00fcn i\u00e7ini t\u0259mizl\u0259y\u0259n bezl\u0259rin infeksiyaya u\u011framas\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 yaranan, an\u00fcs v\u0259 ya rektum \u0259traf\u0131ndak\u0131 d\u0259rid\u0259n an\u00fcs\u00fcn i\u00e7\u0259risin\u0259 do\u011fru ir\u0259lil\u0259y\u0259n qeyri-adi bir kanald\u0131r. Bu kanallar, infeksiyan\u0131n xaric\u0259 axmas\u0131na imkan verir v\u0259 \u0259ks\u0259r hallarda, bir anorektal apsenin drenaj\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 yaran\u0131r. Anal fistull\u0259r xroniki v\u0259ziyy\u0259tl\u0259r ola bil\u0259r v\u0259 ad\u0259t\u0259n tibbi m\u00fcdaxil\u0259 olmadan \u00f6z-\u00f6zl\u00fcy\u00fcnd\u0259<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5908,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6040","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-anal-fistul"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/avrupacerrahi.net\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6040","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/avrupacerrahi.net\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/avrupacerrahi.net\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avrupacerrahi.net\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avrupacerrahi.net\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6040"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/avrupacerrahi.net\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6040\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6041,"href":"https:\/\/avrupacerrahi.net\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6040\/revisions\/6041"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avrupacerrahi.net\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5908"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/avrupacerrahi.net\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6040"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avrupacerrahi.net\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6040"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avrupacerrahi.net\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6040"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}